How Did Clara Foltz's Experiences as a Woman Lawyer and Suffragist Influence Her Conception of a Public Defender for Those Accused of Crime, 1878-1913?

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Abstract

Introduction

Document 1: Barbara Allen Babcock, "Timeline of Clara Foltz's Contributions to the Founding of the Public Defender in California, 1878-1921"

Document 2: Excerpt from "Chapter LIII: California," in Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Matilda Joslyn Gage, The History of Woman Suffrage, 1886

Document 3: Lelia J. Robinson, "Women Lawyers in the United States," Green Bag, January 1890

Document 4: Excerpt from Woman's National Liberal Union, Report of the Convention for Organization, Feb. 24-25, 1890, Willard Hall, Washington, D.C.

Document 5: "Wells Convicted," San Francisco Chronicle, 15 October 1892

Document 6: "Clara Foltz," in Frances E. Willard and Mary A. Livermore, eds., A Woman of the Century, 1893

Document 7: Queen Isabella Association, "Meeting of Women Lawyers," Program, 3-5 August 1893

Document 8: Clara Foltz, "Public Defenders—Rights of Persons Accused of Crime— Abuses Now Existing," Albany Law Journal, 23 September 1893

Document 9: Excerpt from "Woman at the Bar," The Law Student's Helper, October 1893

Document 10: Clara Shortridge Foltz, "Evolution of Law," Albany Law Journal, 28 October 1893

Document 11: People v. Wells, 22 December 1893

Document 12: Clara Foltz, "Duties of District Attorneys in Prosecutions," Criminal Law Magazine and Reporter, July 1896

Document 13: Clara Foltz, "Should Women Be Executed?" Albany Law Journal, 14 November 1896

Document 14: "Mrs. Clara Foltz, a well-known member of the New York bar," Albany Law Journal, 30 January 1897

Document 15: Clara Foltz, "Public Defenders," American Law Review, May-June 1897

Document 16: Jennie Van Allen, "The Fight for a Public Defender: A Sketch of Clara Shortridge Foltz," West Coast Magazine, October 1912

Document 17A: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, April 1916

Document 17B: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, May 1916

Document 17C: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, June 1916

Document 17D: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, July 1916

Document 17E: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, August 1916

Document 17F: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, September 1916

Document 17G: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, October 1916

Document 17H: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, November 1916

Document 17I: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, December 1916

Document 17J: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, January 1917

Document 17K: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, February 1917

Document 17L: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, March 1917

Document 17M: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, April 1917

Document 17N: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, May 1917

Document 17O: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, June 1917

Document 17P: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, July 1917

Document 17Q: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, August 1917

Document 17R: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, September 1917

Document 17S: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, October 1917

Document 17T: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, November 1917

Document 17U: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, December 1917

Document 17V: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, January 1918

Document 17W: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, February 1918

Document 17X: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, March 1918

Document 17Y: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, April 1918

Document 17Z: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, May 1918

Document 17AA: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, June 1918

Document 17BB: Clara Foltz, "Struggles and Triumphs of a Woman Lawyer," The New American Woman, July 1918

Document 18: Barbara Allen Babcock, "Inventing the Public Defender," American Criminal Law Review, November 2006

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